From an occupational therapy perspective, gardening is not just about plants—it’s about people. It’s an occupation that engages the body, mind, and spirit while offering opportunities for connection with others and the environment. Whether planting a seed, tending a raised bed, or sharing a harvest, gardening promotes functional skills, improves physical and mental health, and fosters a sense of purpose. OT practice emphasizes making gardening inclusive through adaptations and environmental supports, ensuring that people of all ages and abilities can access the benefits of this meaningful occupation. OT looks at gardening through models like the PEO Model (Person–Environment–Occupation) and strength-based, occupation-centered practice.

Physical Benefits

• Mobility & Strength: Digging, planting, weeding, and watering all require movement, improving flexibility, balance, and muscle strength.

• Fine Motor Skills: Handling seeds, tools, and plants can improve dexterity and coordination.

• Adaptations: Raised beds, long-handled tools, and kneeling supports make it inclusive for people with mobility issues.

 Cognitive Benefits

• Problem-Solving: Deciding what to plant, managing pests, and seasonal planning.

• Memory & Sequencing: Following steps in planting and caring for plants.

• Sensory Stimulation: Engaging multiple senses—touch (soil), sight (colours), smell (flowers), hearing (nature).

Mental Health & Emotional Wellbeing

• Stress Reduction: Nature exposure lowers cortisol and promotes relaxation.

• Sense of Purpose: Watching something grow fosters accomplishment and meaning.

• Mindfulness: Gardening encourages being present in the moment.

Social & Community Benefits

• Social Connection: Working in a shared space fosters teamwork and friendships.

• Intergenerational Activities: Can be adapted for children, adults, and older people.

• Inclusivity: Accessible design allows participation regardless of ability.